1．burst v.爆裂；胀开；猛冲；突然出现；n.突发；爆破

►词语链接

(break) into ＋n.突然爆发；闯入

burst (break) out doing...突然开始做......

burst in突然冲入

burst with anger/grief/joy (happiness)勃然大怒/心痛欲绝/乐不可支

eg:My English teacher's humor was such as to make every student burst into laughter.

　　　我的英语老师的幽默就是如此(好笑)，以致于每个同学都哈哈大笑起来。

(2)Hearing the news, she burst into tears (＝burst )．

听到那个消息，她突然哭了起来。

(3)Last night the room was but nothing was taken away.

　　　昨晚有人闯入房间但没有带走任何东西。

Key:(2)out crying(3)burst into

2． destroy v．摧毁；毁灭

【变】destruction n.破坏，毁灭，摧毁

►词语链接

destroy one's health有害健康

cause/do damage to对......造成破坏

destroy one's career/hopes毁灭某人的事业/毁掉希望 eg：Without knowledge，we may be completely destroyed by the danger.

　　　没有知识，周围存在的危险就可能把我们完全毁灭。

(2)All hopes of a peaceful settlement his speech.

　　　和平解决的希望都被他的讲话给毁了。

(3)Failure was slowly .

　　　失败渐渐地把他毁了。

Key :(2)were destroyed by　(3)destroying him

3．bury v．、埋葬；掩藏；使陷入；把......插入(某物)

►词语链接

bury sth. in...把某物埋在......

bury one's face in one's hands双手掩面

bury oneself in埋头于，专心于,

be buried in专心于 (1) After finishing my homework，I wandered into the dining room where you were buried under piles of law books. 做完作业后，我溜达进了餐厅。你正在那里忙着看你那一堆堆的法律书。

(2)She sat there， .

　　　她坐在那儿，陷入了沉思。

(3)Since she left，he his work.

　　　自从她走后，他全心扑在工作上。

　　　Key:(2)buried in thought　(3)has been buried in/has buried himself in

4. ruin n. [U]毁坏；毁灭，崩溃[C](pl.) 废墟，遗迹v. (使)破产，(使)堕落，毁灭

例句：In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市就沉沦在一片废墟之中。

►词语链接

in ruins 成为废墟；破败不堪

be the ruin of 成为......毁灭(堕落)的原因

come/fall to ruin 毁灭，灭亡；崩溃；破坏掉

bring sb. to ruin 使某人失败；使倾家荡产

bring ruin upon oneself 自取灭亡

ruin oneself 自取灭亡

►词汇链接

lie lay lain lying 处于某种状态, 躺，平躺，平卧

lie lied lied lying 说谎 撒谎

lay laid laid laying 平放 下蛋

►即学即练

一．根据汉语提示完成句子

(1)An earthquake________________________(使全城到处是颓垣断壁)．(leave)

(2)Some pre－war constructions were abandoned and eventually ________________(成了废墟)．

(3)That one mistake ________ (毁坏)his chances of getting the job.

Key:(1)left the whole city in ruins　(2)fell/came to ruin(3)ruined

二． 填入lie的正确形式

1. Don't ______ to me.

2. Don't leave your things ________ here and there.

3. Please come in and ________ your basket on the table.

4. If you like, you can ______ down on your bed, ______ yourself in a comfortable position, and ______ to yourself that you are ______ some eggs.

Key: 1.lie 2.lying 3.lay 4.lie 5.laying 6.lie 7.laying

5． injure vt. 损害，伤害

【变】injury n. 伤害

例句：The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.死伤的人数达到40多万。

►词语链接

injury n. 伤，伤口；伤害 injured adj. 受伤的，受委屈的

do an injury to sb.伤害某人 the injured伤员

an injured look/expression委屈的样子/表情 injured pride/feelings受到伤害的自尊/情感 ►即学即练

(1)His cold behavior ________ her deeply.

(2)The bullet________ him in the shoulder.

(3)He was ________ in the accident.

Key:(1)hurt　(2)wounded　(3)injured

6． shock n. [U；C]打击；震惊；震动；休克vt. 使震惊，使惊愕

【变】shocking adj.令人感觉震惊的 shocked adj.感到震惊的

例句：People were shocked at the shocking news.人们对这个令人震惊的消息感到震惊。科网]

►词语链接

be shocked at/by (doing) sth. 被震惊

be shocked to do sth. 惧怕做某事

It shocked sb. to see/hear...看见/听到......使某人震惊。

(be) a shock to sb. 对某人来说是个打击

提示：shocked adj. 感到惊奇的，惊讶的(主语多为人)

shocking adj. 令人气愤的，令人惊讶的(主语多为物) ►即学即练

(1)____________________ the sight. 这情景使我大为震惊。

(2)If you touch a live wire, __________________．如果你摸带电的线，就会触电。

(3)The message __________________________． 这条消息使他震惊。

Key:(1)I am/was shocked at/by(2)you will get a shock　(3)makes/made him shocked

7． judge v. 断定；判断；判决n. 裁判员；法官；评判员

【变】judgement n.判断

例句：Your speech was heard by a group of five judges, all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.评委会的五位评委听了你的演讲，他们都认为你的演讲是今年最好的。

►词语链接

judgement n. 判断，审判，意见，判断力 judging by/from 从......上看，根据......判断

judge sb./sth. from/by... 从......来判断 judge between right and wrong 判断是非

as far as I can judge 据我判断，我认为 in one's judgement 依某人看来，按某人的看法 考试链接：

1. ________ from what she said at the meeting, she must have lied to all of us.

A．Judged B．Judging C．To judge D．Judge

2. It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly ______ my friend.

A．ignore B．judge C．recognize D．realize

3. to be the best one in the group, she had an opportunity to enter for the final competition.

A．Judging B．To Judge C．Having judged D．Judged

Key:B,C,D

巩固训练

I写出下列单词的变化形式

1．破坏，毁坏，消灭v.____________破坏，毁坏 n．____________破坏性的，毁灭性的adj.____________

2．使惊吓，吓唬v.____________ 令人恐惧的adj. ____________ 受惊的，受恐吓的adj. ____________

3．损害，伤害v. ____________ 损害，伤害n.____________ 受伤的adj.____________

4．祝贺，恭贺 v．____________恭贺，恭喜 n．____________

5．利用；用途v.& n．____________ 用法n.____________ 有用的adj.____________

无用的，无效的adj.____________

II用所给单词的适当形式填空。

1．He was________to learn his wife was killed in a traffic accident.The news was a terrible ________ to him.(shock)

2．Wood is ________for building houses，while coal can be________to keep warm.(useless)

3. The________ scene________the girl and we could see from her__________expression that she was ________.(fright)

4．In the crash he was seriously________.He suffered severe ________ to the head and arms.(injure)

5．His car ________ in the accident and so he got some ________ from the insurance company.(damage)

　　3.injure；injury；injured 4.congratulate；congratulation(s) 5.use；usage；useful；useless

1．shocked；shock 2．useful/used；used 3．frightening；frightened；frightened； frightened 4．injured；injuries 5．was damaged；damages

1． at an end结束，终结

►词语链接

end up with以......告终

end up(多指出乎意料地)最终处于，(以......)告终(in sth.)；最终(成为......)as sth.)；最终(做......)(doing)；以......结尾(with sth.)；结果为......

at the end of在......尽头(末) (1)After a luxurious life，he .

　　　他过了一段奢侈的生活后，最终变得穷困潦倒。

(2)The restaurants were all full and we ended up hamburgers at home.

　　　所有餐馆都已客满，我们最终只能在家啃汉堡。

Key:(1)ended up in poverty　(2)eating

2. a number of许多，大量

►词语链接

a (great/good/large) number of用来修饰可数名词复数。

表示"许多，大量"的其它表达方式：

Many

a great/good many

quite a 　　　　

a great/good many of＋(the，my等)修饰语＋复数名词＋复数谓语

a lot of/　　　　 of

　　　　of

quantities of

masses of Key:few；lots；plenty

(1)There masses of plants in the garden.花园里有很多植物。

(2) food on the table.饭桌上有许多饭菜。

Key:(1)are　(2)Quantities of/Masses of；were

3．right away立刻，马上

例句：Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away设想你们家开始摇晃，你必须马上离开。

►词语链接

(1)表示"立刻，马上"的短语

without delay/right now/immediately/at once/in no time/right off

(2)比较right away/right now

right away"立刻，马上"，相当于at once, in no time。

right now"立即，马上；此时此刻"，后一意义比now的语气强，相当于at this very moment。 ►即学即练

英汉互译

(1)He didn't answer it right away.

　　________________________________________________________________________

(2)立刻给他打电话。(right away)

　　________________________________________________________________________

(3)We will take care of this right away.

　　________________________________________________________________________

(4) 此刻我们不能谈论这个问题。(right now)

Key:(1)他没有马上回答。(2)Call/Ring him (up) right away.(3)我们将立刻处理此事。(4)We can't discuss this question right now.

4. as usual

例句：Wang Wei rode in front of me as usual. She is very reliable and I knew I didn't need to encourage her.像往常一样，王薇在我的前面，她很可靠，我知道我用不着给她鼓劲儿。

►词语链接

usual adj.　　　　　通常的；平常的

usually adv. 通常地；平常地

...than usual 比平常...... ►即学即练

1. Lily got up at 6:00 o'clock _______ but she realized it was Sunday soon.

A．as usual B．as possible C．at present D．at last

2. -How often do you eat out?

-___, but usually once a week.

A．I have no idea B．It depends C．As usual D．Generally speaking

Key:A,B

5．In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.在农家大院里，鸡甚至是猪都紧张得不想进食。

句式提取：too...to...

(1)too...to...与not或never连用时，不定式为肯定意义。not/never too...to...意为"无论......也不过分，越......越好"。

(2)too...to...前面有only，but，all时，only too，but too和all too相当于very，后面的不定式也表示肯定。

(3)当too...to...用来修饰表示态度、情绪、倾向等的形容词(如anxious，eager，glad，happy，pleased，ready，willing)时，不定式为肯定意义。 ►即学即练

(1)He is follow others' advice.

　　　他极愿意接受别人的意见。

(2)It's careful to cross the road.

　　　过马路时越小心越好。

Key:(1)too willing to　(2)never too



写作句组--满分作文之佳句

a．So now I can't thank you enough.

b．If I'm lucky enough to have a chance to learn how to cook from my teacher，I'm very thankful.

6．Then，later that afternoon，another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.接着，在下午晚些时候，又一次强度几乎和第一次一样的地震在唐山爆发了。

句式提取：as...as结构

(1)as＋

as many/much as和......一样多

as...as one can/could＝as...as possible尽可能......

(2)用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词作修饰语时，放在as的前面。其结构是：倍数＋as＋adj./adv.(原级)＋as。 ►即学即练

(1)It is it was yesterday.

　　　今天的天气与昨天的一样晴朗。

(2)I can carry you can.

　　　你能搬多少纸我就能搬多少。

　　　Key:(1)as clear a day as　(2)as much paper as

7. It seemed as if

例句：It seemed as if the world was at an end! 世界似乎到了末日！

►句型链接

It seems (to sb.) that... (对某人来说)似乎......＝Sb. seems to do/to be doing/to have done...

It seems as if/though... "似乎(好像)......"，可接虚拟语气。

seem＋(to be)＋n./adj. 似乎是......

There seems to be... 好像有......

It seems so. (＝So it seems.) 似乎是那样。

seem/look/appear

(1)seem 暗含有一定的根据，往往是接近实际的判断，后可接介词、形容词、不定式或从句。

(2)look 着重由视觉而得出的印象，可与 like连用，但不能与不定式连用。可接 as if从句，不接 that从句。

(3)appear 强调外表给人的印象，而且事实往往并非如此。可接 that从句，不接 as if从句。

►即学即练

1. Today we have chat rooms, text messaging, emailing... but we seem ______ the art of communicating face-to-face.

A．losing B．to be losing C．to be lost D．having lost

2. _______, nobody was injured in the accident．

A．As it may seem strange B．Because it may seem strange

C．Strange as it may seem D．Strange as may it seem

3.-What a noise! I can hardly stand it.

-It ______ as if they are having a party next door.

A． looks　　　B．seems C．appears D．happens

Key:B,C,B

8. 部分否定和全部否定

例句：All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。

【句法分析】此句为部分否定。all, both, each, every, everybody, everything, complete, completely, always, all the time, whole, wholly, entirely, altogether 等代词、形容词和副词与否定词 not连用，构成部分否定，表示"不都、并非都"的意思。

【例句研读】

①All that glitters is not gold.发光的并不一定都是金子。

②Both of the brothers don't like the film.兄弟俩不都喜欢这部电影。

③Not everything went well with him.他并非每件事情都顺利。

④Not all of the rich are happy.不是所有有钱人都幸福。

⑤The rich are not always happy.有钱人并非总是幸福。

⑥You can't fool all the people all the time.你未必总是能愚弄所有的人。

【拓展归纳】

全部否定用：no one, none, neither, nobody, nothing，以及 not...any/either来表示。

①None of them are right. 他们都不对。

②Neither of us will go. 我们俩都不去。

③Nobody can win me. 没人能赢我。

►即学即练

1.-The exam wasn't difficult at all, was it?

-No, but I don't believe ______could pass it.

A．somebody B．anybody C．everybody D．nobody

2.-Which of the two computer games did you prefer?

-Actually I didn't like ______.

A．both of them B．either of them C．none of them D．neither of them

3. "All the students don't work hard." means "_________"

A．Not all the students work hard. B．Every student works hard.

C．None of the students works hard. D．All of the above.

4. It's impossible for all the people to get jobs because ______of them is not fit for them.

A．every one B．all C．not all D．none

5. Not all the students follow the rules. Which of the following statement has the same meaning？

A．None of the students follow the rules.

B．All the students don't follow the rules.

C．No students follow the rules

D．All of the above

Key:C,B,A,A,B

课后练习

一、.单词拼写

1．Don't leave the lights on. It wastes electricity (电)．

2．Leaving home was a major event (事件) in his life.

3．This is one of the worst natural disasters (灾难) ever to hit the area.

4．Will the clothing give protection against extreme (极度的) cold?

5．The balloon suddenly burst (爆裂) when I was blowing it up.

6．Jack had to drop out of the race because his foot was seriously injured (受伤) halfway.

7．The earthquake was so big that most of the houses in the small village were completely destroyed (破坏)．

8．In order to catch the bear, some villagers set a trap (陷阱) and covered it with some leaves.

9．After learning that the boys had been lost for almost 20 hours, the police sent out a rescue (营救) team to look for them.

10．After the woman heard that her husband was killed in the car accident, she went into shock (休克)．

二、语法填空

1．Death finally brought an end to her suffering (suffer)．

2．It's useless (use) trying to talk to her because she never listens.

3．We were warned not to talk to reporters (report)．

4．The coal miners (mine) were working underground in uncomfortable conditions.

5．When food goes bad, it becomes smelly (smell)．

6．Two players are out of the team because of injury (injure)．

7．This coat is dirty (dirt), so I'll take it to the cleaner's.

8．They were extremely (extreme) sad at the thought of their missing dog.

9. With more forests destroyed (destroy), huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year.

10．When she heard about the news that her father had died, she burst out crying (cry)．

三.选词填空

be trapped in， in ruins， be buried in， a number of， burst into， burst out， right away， at an end， dig out

1．The exhibition was so interesting that a_number_of people came to visit it.

2．It was reported that an American couple had dug_out a lot of gold coins from their own yard.

3．Buried_in thought, she didn't notice the water was boiling.

4．There is a man who is badly injured in a car accident. Please call 120 right_away.

5．The city lay in_ruins after the earthquake. Now, rows of houses are being built.

6．One minute she burst_into laughter, and the next she burst_out crying - we just couldn't understand her mood at any moment.

7．They are_trapped_in the burning building. Please call 119 right away.

8．The war which lasted for years was at_an_end.

四、短语与拓展

1． 立刻；马上→(同义短语) once

2． 结束；终结→ the end of到......末为止

3． 掘出；发现，找出

4． 许多；大量的→ number of.........的数量

5． 作为......而闻名→be known 为/被......所熟知

6． 轻视，看不起→think of高度评价

7． 为纪念......→(同义短语)in of

8． 以......为骄傲→take pride 以......为骄傲

Key

1.right away；at　2.at an end；by　3.dig out　4.a (great) number of；the　5.be known as；to 6．think little of；highly　7.in honour of；memory　8.be proud of；in

四．根据课文内容完成语法填空

Several days before July 28,1976，many strange things happened in Tangshan.The water in the village wells rose 1. fell.The water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.2. were signs for the earthquake.But people in the city didn't think much 3. these.At 3∶42 am that day，the earth began to shake，4. destroyed the city.Many people,5. (include) workers and doctors，came to rescue those 6. (trap) under the ruins.7. (late) that afternoon，another big quake struck Tangshan.More people 8. (kill) or injured and 9. (many) buildings fell down.Soldiers were called in to help the rescue workers.Teams were organized to dig out 10. trapped and to bury the dead.

Key:1.and　2.They　3.of　4.which　5.including　6.trapped　7.Later　8.were killed　9.more　10.the

字数：352 建议用时：8-10分钟 正确率： /5 五、阅读理解

　　Did you get a flu shot this year？For the first time，the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the US is recommending that all children aged from 6 months to 18 years receive the flu vaccine.

　　Vaccines battle diseases caused by bacteria and viruses.A weakened form of the germ (病菌) is introduced into the body.The body makes special substances called antibodies (抗体) to fight the germs.If the actual germs were to attack，the antibodies would fight.Because there are many kinds of flu viruses，scientists must create a new vaccine formula (处方) each year.Researchers must make a prediction.

　　It is like forecasting the weather.Sometimes they are right on，and sometimes they are off.But even when the vaccine does not closely match circulating flu types，it can make the illness less serious.

　　"The flu vaccine is not as effective as the polio (小儿麻痹症) vaccine or the measles vaccine，" says Dr.William Schaffner of Vanderbilt University School of Medicine."It's not a great vaccine，but it is in fact quite a good vaccine."

　　But a flu vaccine doesn't work for everyone.There are certain people who should be careful about taking it，because the vaccine is produced in eggs.Those who are allergic (过敏的) to eggs should not take it.If you have a fever，you should wait until you recover.

　　Some people are afraid that they might get the flu from the flu shot.Scientists say that it is not possible，because the viruses in the flu shot are inactivated.But some minor side effects such as low­grade fever and body ache could occur.If they do，they begin soon after the shot and usually last only one or two days.

　　Did you know？Smallpox was the first disease people tried to prevent by putting a virus into a healthy person.In 1796，English scientist Edward Jenner placed some infected material under a boy's skin.

1．The underlined word "vaccine" (in Para.1) refers to .

A．virus used for fighting against disease

B．antibody to fight the germs

C．formula to fight against disease

D．germ to be injected into the body

2．By saying "It's not a great vaccine，but it is in fact quite a good vaccine." (in Para.4)，William Schaffner means the flu vaccine .

A．is as effective as the polio and the measles vaccines

B．is worse，compared with the polio and the measles vaccines

C．does help to make illness less serious

D．is quite good because it works for everyone

3．We can infer from the passage that .

A．those who are not allergic to eggs can take the flu vaccine

B．not all the flu vaccines are effective for everyone

C．you should go to a doctor if you have a fever after taking the flu vaccine

D．it is possible that some people might get the flu from the flu shot

4．When people take the flu vaccine， .

A．they'll be allergic to eggs

B．their bodies will ache for 5 days

C．they probably have a low fever

D．they won't catch a flu ever after

5．What would probably be discussed in the following paragraph?

A．Be careful about taking smallpox vaccine.

B．The side effects of smallpox vaccine.

C．The origin of the flu vaccine.

D．How the smallpox vaccine worked on the boy.

Key:Ⅰ.1.D　2．C　3．B　4．C　5．D

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六、完形填空　

I was required to read one of Bernie Siegel's books in college and was hooked on his positivity from that moment on. The stories of his unconventional 1 and the exceptional patients he wrote about were so 2 to me and had such a big 3 on how I saw life from then on.Who knew that so many years later I would look to Dr. Bernie and his CDs again to 4 my own cancer experience?

I'm an ambitious 5, and when I started going through chemo (化疗) , even though I'm a very 6 person, I lost my drive to write. I was just too tired and not in the 7 . One day,while waiting to go in for 8 , I had one of Dr. Bernie's books in my hand. Another patient 9 what I was reading and struck up a conversation with me 10 he had one of his books with him as well. It 11 that among other things, he was an eighty-year-old writer. He was12 a published author, and he was currently 13 on a new book.

We would see each other at various times and 14 friends. Sometimes he wore a duck hat, and I would tell myself, he was definitely a(n) 15 of Dr. Bernie. He really put a 16 on my face.He unfortunately 17 last year due to his cancer, 18 he left a deep impression on me and gave me the 19 to pick up my pen again. I 20 to myself, "If he can do it, then so can I."

1. A. tastes B. ideas C. notes D. memories

2. A. amazing B. shocking C. amusing D. strange

3. A. strike B. push C. challenge D. impact

4. A. learn from B. go over C. get through D. refer to

5. A. reader B. writer C. editor D. doctor

6. A. positive B. agreeable C. humorous D. honest

7. A. mood B. position C. state D. way

8. A. advice B. reference C. protection D. treatment

9. A. viewed B. knew C. noticed D. wondered

10. A. while B. because C. although D. providing

11. A. came out B. worked out C. proved out D. turned out

12. A. naturally B. merely C. hopefully D. actually

13. A. deciding B. investing C. working D. relying

14. A. became B. helped C. missed D. visited

15. A. patient B. operator C. fan D. publisher

16. A. sign B. smile C. mark D. mask

17. A. showed up B. set off C. fell down D. passed away

18. A. since B. but C. so D. for

19. A. guidance B. trust C. opportunity D. inspiration

20. A. promised B. swore C. thought D. Replied

Key:Ⅰ.1.D　2．C　3．B　4．C　5．D

36. B 37. A 38. D 39. C 40. B

41. A 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. D 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. C

51. B 52. D 53. B 54. D 55. C