The studies were discussed at the American Psychological Convention.

　　　One study, by Harvard University, was of babies 21- 48 months old. It concluded that these babies had a high heart rate when shown unfamiliar people or different toys.

　　　Although shyness is not new, it has only recently become of interest to researchers. The first study on the genetic connection was in 1979.

　　　According to Warren Jones of the University of Tulsa, social relations these days are more complex. "With less ritual(仪式) and more complex situations," he said, "shyness is a national concern."

　　　Not all shy people are anxious and fearful, according to another study. Evidence shows that only half of shy people are tense, worried, and fearful in social situations.

　　　Many men use shyness as an excuse for failing in social situations, according to C．R. Snyder of the University of Kansas. "This is not true of females. Perhaps,

　　　American men are pressured to be assertive(自信的) and successful. So they would rather say they're shy than admit they're incompetent."

　　　Shy people may do very well socially after the first meeting with someone. In fact, shy people tend to be more stable.

　　　The psychologists said shyness seems to be cultural. Japan has the highest rating. China and Israel have the lowest rating. The United States rated in the middle.

　　　21．The word "trait" in the first paragraph means ______.

　　　A． way B． tradition

　　　C． character D． possession

　　　22．Those babies studied were ______ when they saw unfamiliar people or different toys.

　　　A． tense or fearful B． calm

　　　C． as usual D． stable

　　　23．Which of the following statements is Wrong?

　　　A． Researchers began to study shyness when it was known to them.

　　　B． According to Warren Jones, shyness had something to do with social relations.

　　　C． Some shy people are anxious and fearful, some not.

　　　D． Shyness can perhaps make people do very well socially.

　　　24．Why would American men rather say they're shy than admit they're incompetent（无能）?

　　　A． shyness is usually used as an excuse by them.

　　　B． shyness is a good excuse.

　　　C． females don't use shyness as an excuse.

　　　D． they are under the pressure of social situations.

　　　25．We can learn from this passage that ______.

　　　A． shyness is naturally inherited

　　　B． shy people have virtues as well as shortcomings.

　　　C． females don't use shyness as an excuse

　　　D． which country has shy people.

二、七选五

　　　Don't you just love ice skating every winter? I am sure that since winter is approaching, your skates are set to come out, just waiting to be used. Impress your friends with your new trick on how to ice-skate backwards with the help of these tips.

　　　Stand straight

　　　The first thing that you need to do is, stand straight. 26． , if you feel that you are falling backwards. Don't worry; this happens to all.

　　　Confidence is what you need

　　　The most important step while learning how to skate backwards, is having enough confidence in yourself and in what you are doing. How can you achieve this? By practice. One of the important ice skating tips and techniques is that if you feel that you are losing your balance, then scissor（做剪式运动）your skates. 27． .

　　　Maintain speed

　　　Try sculling（滑）with one skate while rolling in a straight line with the other.28． . Now bring the skate which you are using to scull, and then again, repeat the same process. Make sure that you put most of your weight on the skate which is moving straight and not the one with which you are sculling.

　　　Now, try the same thing using the other foot.

　　　29． .

　　　Once you are confident that you can scull with either foot, the next thing that you have to do is increase your speed. Try some of your own tricks now. Scull with either foot or with both at the same time.

　　　Scull and be aware

　　　While you keep one foot straight, keep sculling with the other. You can do that with both feet at the same time. 30． , but don't get so involved that you don't see where you are going. If you are not watching your back, you might just bang against something or someone.

　　　A．That is, keep pushing yourself backwards with an outwards stroke（滑动）

B．While going backwards, just get used to the feeling of moving backwards