解析：4.本文是说明文,题材为社会文化类。世界上很多语言在慢慢消失,为了拯救这些使用人数少的语言,很多学者开始了营救工程。本文介绍了一位正在为之奋斗的学者,他到底为此在做着什么呢?

事实细节题。根据第二段第一句中In an effort to prevent language loss,scholars...documenting dying languages.可知答案为A项。

5.猜测词义题。根据第二段最后的documenting dying languages可以推断出Mark Turin教授也加入到了拯救正在消失的语言的行列中,他想把这些语言全部记录下来,所以答案为A项。

6.事实细节题。根据第三段最后一句话中的"...grows out of his experience living, working, and raising a family in a village in Nepal."可知Turin的这本书是以自己在尼泊尔一个村庄的生活经历为基础写出来的,所以答案为D项。

7.事实细节题。根据最后一段的"from whom the materials were originally collected"和"the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities"可知答案为C项.

【长难句分析】As more and more people speak the global languages of English,Chinese,Spanish,and Arabic,other languages are rapidly disappearing.随着越来越多的人讲诸如英语、汉语、西班牙语和阿拉伯语这些全球性语言,其他语言正在迅速消失。该句为复合句。句首的as引导时间状语从句,意为"随着......";主句谓语是现在进行时态。

　　Anyone with a passing interest in their health will be able to rattle-off a few of the major vitamins, and possibly take an educated guess at what they do. Vitamin C, found in oranges and other fruit and vegetables, is important for wound repair. And the much-talked-about 'sunshine' Vitamin D, produced by the skin in response to UV light, is essential for strong bones.

But Vitamin P? It might well have you scratching your head. And that's not surprising: the term was first coined in the 1930s to describe a small group of compounds that provide pigment(天然色素) to plants, and were believed to have health benefits. Fast-forward almost a century and these compounds are now better known as flavonoids.

Today, scientists have identified between 4,000 and 6,000 different kinds and we now know they are responsible for many of the flavors and smells of fruit and vegetables and also that they protect them from invaders such as pests and bacteria.