浙江省高中英语 Module 4 A Social Survey-My Neighborhood Period five学案（无答案）外研版必修1

【学习目标】：复习现在完成时。

一、现在完成时的概念：表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成一定的影响。

结构：主语 + have/has + 过去分词

二、现在完成时的基本用法：

1.表示动作在说话时已经完成，但对现在产生某种影响。

e.g.：I have had breakfast and I am full now.

She has read the book and she knows something about it.

2.表示动作发生在过去，一直持续到现在，可能还会继续进行下去。（动词一般是延续性动词）

e.g.: They have lived here for 2 years.

　　Tom has taught in this school till now.

3.和现在完成时连用的一些时间状语：ever, never, already, yet, recently, lately, just, once, ...times, so far, till now, up to now, these years, for+段时间，since+表示过去的点时间。

三、现在完成时的一些特殊用法：

1.在It/This is the first (second, third...) time that ...结构中，that从句中要使用现在完成时。

　　e.g.: This is the third time that I have met him.

2. 在It is/has been + 时间段 + since...结构中，since从句中要使用一般过去时。

e.g.: It is 3 years since they came here.

四、现在完成时和一般过去时的区别。

现在完成时强调现在，表达的是过去发生的事对现在造成的影响。

一般过去时强调过去，表达的是过去发生的某个事，一般有表示过去的具体的时间状语。

e.g.：- Have you had breakfast?

- Yes. I had my breakfast just now.

自我检测：

1.-What is the price of petrol these days?

-Oh, it _____ sharply since last month.

A. is raised B. has risen C. has arisen D. is increased

2. His sister left home in 1998, and ______ since.

A. had not been heard of B. has not been heard of

C. had not heard of D. has not heard of

3. - Why does the lake smell terrible?

- Because the water ________.

A. have polluted B. is being polluted

C. has been polluted D. have been polluted

4. - The window is dirty.

- Yes, I know. It ______ for weeks.

A. hasn't cleaned B. didn't clean C. wasn't cleaned D. hasn't been cleaned