典句精讲

Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China

1.Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other.

古代中国是个诸侯国之间经常发生战争的地方。

【巧解句构】本句中where引导的是一个限制性定语从句，修饰place。

【要点剖析】at war with表示"与......处于战争状态"，"at＋不带冠词的名词"表示"处于某一种状态"或者"正在干某事"。如：

The naughty boy is at playing.相当于：The naughty boy is playing.

The family are at table.相当于：The family are having breakfast/lunch/supper.

The young man is still at work.相当于：The young man is still working.

2.But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers.

但那也是一个产生了许多哲学家的时期。

【巧解句构】句中的when引导的是一个定语从句，修饰a time。

【要点剖析】a time"一个时期，一段时间"。a time可以与介词连用组成一些词组。

at a time 一次　　　　　　　　one at a time一次一个

after a time不久以后　　　　　for a time暂时

3.Menius was a thinker whose teachings were very similar to those of Confucius.

孟子是一个教学与孔子非常类似的思想家。

【巧解句构】句中的whose引导一个定语从句，修饰thinker。

【要点剖析】1) be similar to"与......类似"

2）those是一个代词，相当于the teachings.若代替的名词或代词是单数或不可数名词，则应用that。

【拓展延伸】one，that，it作代词的区别

one作代词时，只能代替可数名词。如：

Meeting my uncle after all these years was unforgettable moment,one I will always treasure.

这么多年以后见到了我的叔叔，是个令人难忘的时刻，一个我永远珍惜的时刻。

that作代词时，既可以代替可数名词，也可以代替不可数名词。如：

Few pleasures can equal that of a cool drink in hot summer.

几乎没有快乐可以比得上炎热的夏天喝一杯冷饮的快乐。

it作代词时，代替前面提到的同一个事物。如：

The Parkers bought a new house but it will need a lot of work before they can move in.

帕克一家买了一座新房子，但是还需要进行许多的工作他们才能搬进新房子。

4.For many years he travelled from state to state,teaching the principles of Confucius.

许多年来，他从一个诸侯国到另一个诸侯国，教授孔子的理论。

【巧解句构】本句中的teaching the principles of Confucius是动词的-ing形式作伴随状语。

【延伸拓展】动词的-ing形式除了作伴随状语，还可以作定语。如：

China is a developing country.

中国是一个发展中的国家。

The Industrial Revolution

1.With the industrial Revolution,factories appeared and mass production became possible for the first time.

随着工业革命的到来，工厂出现了，大量的生产第一次成为可能。

【巧解句构】本句为并列句，由and连接。

【延伸拓展】1）with在此句中表示"随着，伴随"，后面接名词或名词短语。如：