1．take place　　　 发生；举行

　　2．in memory of 纪念；追念

　　3．dress up 盛装；打扮；装饰

　　4．play a trick on 搞恶作剧

　　5．look forward to 期望；期待；盼望

　　6．day and night 日夜；整天

　　7．as though 好像

　　8．have fun with 玩得开心

　　1．[教材原句]At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months.

　　在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬天，人们就会挨饿。

　　[句型点拨]条件状语从句为"主语＋be＋adj.＋to do"句式，在这个句式中，主语为不定式的逻辑宾语，不定式常用主动语态。

　　[佳句赏析]As far as I'm concerned, this maths problem is very difficult to work out.

　　就我个人而言，这道数学题很难算出来。

　　2．[教材原句]Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm.

　　有些节日，是为了纪念死者，或者使祖先得到满足，因为祖先有可能回到世上(给人们)提供帮助，也有可能带来危害。

　　[句型点拨]either ...or ...，意为"或者......，或者......；要么......，要么......；不是......就是......"。

　　[佳句赏析](2013·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)People can either give them as gifts to friends or hang them in their houses.

　　人们可以把它们当作礼物送给朋友或者挂在自己家里。

　　3．[教材原句]On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with"bones"on them.

　　在这个重要的节日里，人们会吃专制成颅骨形状的食物，和装点有"骨头"的蛋糕。

　　[句型点拨]句中with的复合宾语结构作cakes的定语。

　　[佳句赏析]Here many high buildings have appeared with green trees growing quickly.

　　这里高楼林立、绿树成荫。

　　4．[教材原句]The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.

(节日里)整个国度到处都是盛开的樱花，看上去就像是覆盖了一层粉红色的雪。