3.(2016·四川高考)The dishes what I cooked were Mom's favorite.________________
解析:what→that/which或去掉what 分析句子结构可知,dishes后跟的是定语从句,what不能引导定语从句,应用that/which引导。又因引导词在定语从句中作cooked的宾语,可以省略,故也可以直接把what去掉。
[谨记规则]
(一)关系代词的基本用法
1.who
用于指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
But the person who tries to do something and fails is a lot better off than the person who tries to do nothing and succeeds.(作主语)
但是,努力过却失败的人比那些坐享其成的人要好得多。
2.whom
用于指人,在定语从句中作宾语,可用who代替;但是,若从句中的介词提到关系代词前,只能用whom直接跟在介词后作宾语,不可用who代替。
In our class there are 48 students, half of whom are girls.(作宾语)我们班有48名学生,其中有一半是女生。
3.which
用于指物,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students which allows them to communicate freely with each other.(作主语)在为学生营造自由交流的氛围这方面,她很有天赋。
4.that
既可指人又可指物,指人时通常可与who, whom互换,指物时通常可与which互换,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other.(作主语)这个古老的小镇有狭窄的街道和建造得彼此靠得很近的小房子。
5.whose
表示所属关系,既可指人又可指物,在定语从句中作定语。指物时相当于of which;指人时相当于of whom。
The books on the desk, whose covers are shiny, are prizes for us.(作定语)