【互动课堂】2018-2019学年人教版高中英语必修四学案设计:Unit5《Theme parks》Period 3 Grammar
【互动课堂】2018-2019学年人教版高中英语必修四学案设计:Unit5《Theme parks》Period 3 Grammar第3页

 英语中常用have,give,take,make等动词构成这一类词组,表示一个动作。

例如:have a smoke 吸烟,have a bath 洗澡 give a kick 踢,

give a shout 喊叫 take a seat 就座,make a bet 打赌-

2.名词转化成v.

  ① Have you booked your ticket?

  ② He hammered a nail into the wall.

3.Adj. 转化为动词

  ① The train slowed down to half its speed.

  ② The classroom gradually quieted down.

4.形容词转化为n.

  ① They're running in the final.

② He didn't know the difference between right and wrong.

5. Adj.转化为adv.

  ① How long have you lived there?

  ② How hard the students study!

6.个别词在一定场合下可转化为 n.

  ① This dictionary is a must for students.

  ② His argument contains too many ifs and buts.

三、派生(derivation)

由一个词根加上 或 构成另一个词。

1.前缀:词根加前缀 ,只引起 。

(1)表示否定意义的前缀常用的有dis-,il (加在从l开头的词前),ir -(加在从r开头的词前),im -(加在以b,m,p开头的词前),in-,mis--,non-,un一等,在单词的前面加这类前缀常构成与该词意义相反的新词。

appear------disappear possible ------impossible

correct --------incorrect legal -----------illegal

lead ------------mislead regular ----------irregular

smoker----------non-smoker happy-----------unhappy

(2)表示其他意义的前缀常用的有:

  anti (反对,抵抗) antiwar 反战的

sub (下面的) subway 地铁

inter (互相的 ) Internet 互联网

re (再,又) reuse 再利用

en (使......) enrich 使富裕

vice (副) vice-manager 副经理

  pre (前,预先) preview 预习

post (后的) post-war 战后

mid (中,半) midnight 半夜

micro (微) microscope 显微镜