2018--2019学年人教版选修七Unit 3 Under the sea Learning about language课时作业(2)
2018--2019学年人教版选修七Unit 3 Under the sea Learning about language课时作业(2)第3页

 A. The TV R User's controlling the TV by Google Assistant

B. Nvidia's laptops' solving the problem of power

C. The Dreem band's detect your heart rate

D. Samsung's Micro LED technology making a 146-inch TV possible

B

 The key to getting people to work together effectively could be giving them the freedom to choose their collaborators (合作者) and the comfort of working with established contacts, new research suggests.

 In the study, David Melamed, an assistant professor of sociology at the Ohio State University and lead author of the study, and his co-authors found participants through the Amazon Mechanical Turk website - a service that allows researchers to hire people from around the world for a variety of purposes. For this study, all participants were from the United States.

 Those who agreed to participate played online games in which each player started out with 1,000 monetary units that translated to $1 in real money they could pocket. If one player agreed to pay another player 50 monetary units, that second person would actually acquire 100 units. Each of the 16-round games included about 25 participants, some of whom participated in multiple games. In all, 810 people participated in the research.

Some of the games included random networks, where certain people could interact. Others included clustered (群集的) networks, in which a small group had multiple connections - an arrangement that was designed to mimic (模拟) real life, where humans often run their lives in packs. And the networks were either static (静态的) or dynamic. In static networks, a player could interact only with the appointed partners. In dynamic networks, participants could cut their ties with another player and form new connections. Furthermore, some of the games included reputation information. Participants were labeled based on their history of willingness to share money. The idea was to test whether those known to collaborate were favored by other players based on reputation - a factor shown in previous research to play a significant role in whether a person is likely to partner with another.