5. cost的用法

▲ 构词：costly adj. 昂贵的，贵重的

▲ 搭配：

① cost sb. sth. 花费某人(多少钱)；让某人付出(代价)／牺牲......

② at all costs 不惜任何代价．无论如何

③ at any cost 不惜任何代价，无论如何

④ at cost (price) 按成本价格，按原价

⑤ at the cost of 以......为代价，用......换来的；丧失；牺牲

【考例】They wondered how much this kind of car would ____ them.

A. pay B. spend C. cost D. waste

[考查目标] 本题考查cost和它的几个近义词的区别。

[答案与解析] C cost的意思是"耗费"，主语是指物的

名词．而pay和spend等的主语是指人的名词。

6. effect n. 效果；作用

　have an effect on sth.

His words had a great pushing effect on his students.

(1) be of no effect 无效

(2) come into effect 开始生效；开始实行

[比较] affect vt. 影响 The climate affected the amount of the rainfall.

7. experience的用法

　▲构词: experienced adj. 有经验的，熟练的

　▲搭配:

　① by experience 凭经验；从经验中

　② from experience 凭经验；从经验中

　③ gain experience in... 获得......经验

　④ be experienced in... 某方面有经验

　▲友情提示: experience这个词作为可数名词用时，解释为"经历"，作为不可数名词用时解释为"经验"。

　【考例】 (2005山西模拟) ____teaches that he was right. Good friendship is just not easily formed.

A. Knowledge B. Teachers C. Experience D. Parents

[考查目标] experience的意思。

[答案与解析] C experience常为不可数名词，意思是"经验"。

8. fear n. & vt.

(1) n. 恐惧 (多作不可数名词)

His face was growing pale with fear.

忧虑；担心的事(可数)

There is no reason for your fears.

for fear of 由于怕......，以防

He left an hour earlier for fear of missing his train.

for fear (that) 惟恐；怕的是；以防

She worried for fear that the child would be hurt.

in fear of 害怕；担心

The thief was in fear of the police.

(2) v. 恐惧；害怕，接 n. / pron.

Cats fear big dogs.

恐惧；害怕，接to do