2018-2019学年人教版高中英语必修三学案之Unit 1 Festivals around the World:语法突破
2018-2019学年人教版高中英语必修三学案之Unit 1 Festivals around the World:语法突破第3页

He would sit there for hours, doing nothing at all. 他总是在那儿一坐就是几个小时,什么都不干。

  (4)表示决心

We will never talk about that subject again. 我们决不会再谈论这个话题了。

He said he would make this computer work even if he had to stay up all night.

他说他即使整晚不睡觉也一定要让这台计算机工作起来。

  would与used to均可表示"过去惯常",但是would常与过去时间状语连用,意为总是,总要;used to与现在时间相比,意为过去常常,暗示现在已经没有了。

When he was there, he would go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day?

他在那儿的时候,每天下班都会去街角的咖啡店吗?gkstkgkstkgkstk]

He used to go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day, but now he goes to play basketball.

过去他每天下班总是去街角的咖啡店,现在他去打篮球。

4. must & have to

  (1)have to表示"不得不"。与must不同的是,must表示说话人主观上的看法,即主观上的必要;而have to则表示客观要求。

I must stay at home and take care of my old grandma.

我必须呆在家里照顾我的老奶奶。(主观上要做这件事)

You will have to be punished if you cannot hand in your paper on time.

如果你不能按时交上试卷,你将不得不受到惩罚。(客观上需要做这件事)

  (2)don't have to表示"不必要",和needn't意思相近。

You don't have to stay up late preparing for the exam. I heard it's quite simple.

你没必要熬夜准备考试,我听说考试很简单。

  在这些情态动词中,只有have to可以有人称、数、时态的变化。

You will have to be there before 10 :00. 你必须在十点之前到那里。

As he had broken his leg, he had to stay in bed.

由于摔坏了腿,他不得不呆在床上。

must和have to都可以表示"必须",但有几点区别:

  A. must强调"内在的职责"、"义务",而have to强调"外界压力"、"不得已而为之"。

  B. have to可用于多种时态,而must一般用于现在时,其过去时与将来时分别由had to与shall / will have to代替。

  C. 在回答must引起的问题时,如果是否定的答复,不能用mustn't,而要用needn't或don't have to,因为mustn't是"一定不要"、"一定不能"的意思。mustn't 表示"不准,禁止"。

Wang Feng wins an award every year. He must be very strong.(speculation)

王峰每年都得奖,他一定很强壮。

You must be joking. That can't be true. (guessing)

你一定是在开玩笑。那不可能是真的。

  D. 对现在的事情进行把握较大的判断时,肯定判断用must+动词原形,否定判断用can't+动词原形。

She must be in the library. 她一定在图书馆。gkstkgkstkgkstk]

She can't be in the room. 她不可能在屋里。

You mustn't smoke in the hospital. 在医院里禁止吸烟。

- Must I finish the task right now? 我现在必须完成这个工作吗?

-Yes, you must. / Yes, you have to. 是的。

(-No, you needn't. / No, you don't have to. 不,不必。)

You must come to the classroom before eight. 你必须8点前进教室。

It is raining hard outside, but I have to leave now. 外边雨下得很大,但是我必须现在离开。

-Must we do it now? 我们必须现在做吗?

-No, you needn't. 不,你们不必。

5. shall & should

  (1)shall用于第一,三人称的疑问句中,表示说或者征求对方的意见,或向对方请示。

Shall we go shopping after school?

用作情态动词时, 适用于第二人称和第三人称。

  1) 表示允诺