2018-2019学年人教版高中英语必修三学案之Unit 1 Festivals around the World:语法突破
2018-2019学年人教版高中英语必修三学案之Unit 1 Festivals around the World:语法突破第2页

 (1)can, could, may, might都可以表示可能性。can和could表示潜在的可能性或理论上或逻辑判断上存在的可能性;而may和might则表示事实上的可能性。此外,can还具有"有能力"的意思,而may与might则不具此意。

According to the weather forecast, it may rain tomorrow. 根据天气预报,明天可能下雨。

Any man with a little sense can see that he is wrong. 有一点理智的人都能看出来他是错误的。

(2) May I/we ...?这一类疑问句的肯定回答为Yes, please.或Certainly;否定回答为Please don't.或No, you mustn't.

-May we leave now? 我们现在可以走了吗?

-No, you mustn't. You haven't finished your homework yet. 不,你们不能走。你们还没有做完作业。

May we see the awards for teams?(permission, request) 我们能看一下团队获得的奖品吗?

She might give you some new clothing.(possibility) 她可能会给你一些新衣服。

A. 表示许可时,用于第一人称,指我(们)被允许做某事;由于其他人称,则指说话者允许主语做某事。

We might go shopping until dark.

我们可以逛街到天黑。(我们被允许)

Mother said, "You might go shopping until dark."

妈妈说:"你可以逛街到天黑。"(说话者允许主语做某事)

B. 在用于请求许可时,may可与can/could互换。

3. will & would

  (1)用于第二人称的疑问句, 表示请求(would更客气、委婉)

Will you tell her that I'll be back in twenty minutes? 请告诉她我二十分钟后回来, 好吗?

Would you tell me how to get to the shopping center? 您能告诉我怎么去购物中心吗?

  (2)表示愿望

Go where you will. 去你想去的地方吧。

He wouldn't let the doctor take his blood pressure. 他不愿意让大夫给他量血压。

  (3)表示习惯、倾向

Sometimes the cat will lie there all afternoon. 有时候,那只猫总是整个下午都躺在那儿。

He would sit there for hours, doing nothing at all. 他总是在那儿一坐就是几个小时,什么都不干。

  (4)表示决心

We will never talk about that subject again. 我们决不会再谈论这个话题了。

He said he would make this computer work even if he had to stay up all night.

他说他即使整晚不睡觉也一定要让这台计算机工作起来。

  would与used to均可表示"过去惯常",但是would常与过去时间状语连用,意为总是,总要;used to与现在时间相比,意为过去常常,暗示现在已经没有了。

When he was there, he would go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day?

他在那儿的时候,每天下班都会去街角的咖啡店吗?gkstkgkstkgkstk]

He used to go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day, but now he goes to play basketball.

过去他每天下班总是去街角的咖啡店,现在他去打篮球。

4. must & have to

  (1)have to表示"不得不"。与must不同的是,must表示说话人主观上的看法,即主观上的必要;而have to则表示客观要求。

I must stay at home and take care of my old grandma.

我必须呆在家里照顾我的老奶奶。(主观上要做这件事)

You will have to be punished if you cannot hand in your paper on time.

如果你不能按时交上试卷,你将不得不受到惩罚。(客观上需要做这件事)

  (2)don't have to表示"不必要",和needn't意思相近。

You don't have to stay up late preparing for the exam. I heard it's quite simple.

你没必要熬夜准备考试,我听说考试很简单。

  在这些情态动词中,只有have to可以有人称、数、时态的变化。

You will have to be there before 10 :00. 你必须在十点之前到那里。

As he had broken his leg, he had to stay in bed.

由于摔坏了腿,他不得不呆在床上。