3. 语法功用

　　在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。不能单独作谓语。

　　(1)作定语：过去分词如是单个词语，则位于中心词前；如是短语，则位于中心词后，作后置定语。如：

　　Many terrified people died in turmoil. 很多受惊的人死于荒乱之中。

　　真题：Don't use words, expressions, or phrases____ only to people with specific knowledge. (上海)

　　A being known B having been known C to be known D known

　　解析： words, expressions, phrases与know在逻辑上是被动关系，要用过去分词短语作定语，故选D。

　　(2)作表语：用在系动词后。如：

　　I am interested in reading English novels. 我对阅读英国小说感兴趣。

　　My teacher got annoyed when I was late for school again. 我上学又迟到，老师为此很恼怒。

　　(3)作宾语补足语：用在宾语后面。如：

　　I had my dress washed already. 我已经把衣服洗了。

　　注：能带过去分词作宾语补足语的动词还有：get, hear, see, make, keep, find等。如：

　　I found the door broken. 我发现门坏了。

　　真题：Laws that punish parents for their children's against the laws get parents_____. (重庆)

　　A worried B to worry C worrying D worry