1.in_vain　　　　　 徒劳，白费力气

2．at_random 随便地，随意地

3．at_all_costs 不管多大代价，无论如何

4．straight_away 立刻，马上

5．wipe_out 彻底毁灭

6．stop_sth._in_its_tracks 终止；消灭

7．rob_sb.of_sth. 抢劫某人某物

8．at_any_rate 无论如何；至少

9．get_down_to 开始做

10．bring_up 教育；抚养；呕吐

11．get_through 通过(考试)；完成

12．clear_up 整理；解释；澄清

13．put_off 推迟；延期

14．miss_out 遗漏；遗忘；错过机会

15．focus_on 聚焦；集中；对准 1.The people for the experiment were chosen completely at_random.

2．We must at_all_costs prevent them from finding out about the plan.

3．I have tried very hard to find out a solution to the problem, but in_vain.

4．At_any_rate,_the medical supplies will reach you within a week.

5．It's not an easy task for you to bring_up a small child on your own.

6．Had the boy worked harder, he would have got_through the exams.

7．They have decided to put_off holding the meeting because of the bad weather.

8．It's time that I got_down_to thinking about my future.

9．I can't focus my attention on study with so much noise outside. 　　

　　(三)仿写明句式--以用为本

教材原句 句式解读 句式仿写 1.It is compulsory for winners to be tested but other participants are only tested at random.

获胜者要强制性地进行检查，而其他参与者只是随机地检查。 "It is＋adj.＋ for sb.to do ..."句型。 (2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)你通晓中国文化是有必要的。

It's_necessary_for_you_to_have a good knowledge of Chinese culture. 2.The Olympic spirit - the spirit of competition which emphasises taking part rather than winning - has been violated by the desire to succeed at all costs.

人们不惜任何代价想要获胜的愿望违背了重在参与而不是获胜的奥林匹克精神。 rather than并列连词，表示"而不是"。 作为学生，我们应当通过努力学习而非考试作弊来取得好成绩。

As students, we should try to get good results by studying hard rather_than_cheating_in_exams. 3.Having killed up to 50 million people in 18 months, with a tendency to strike the young and fit rather than the old, the Spanish Flu is believed to have been the most acute epidemic in history.

西班牙流感在18个月内使多达5千万人丧命，并且发病的倾向为年轻力壮的年轻人而不是老年人，它被认为是历史上最严重的流行性传染病。 "sb./sth.be believed to ..."意为"某人或某物被认为......"。 他被认为是健在的好的作曲家之一。

He_is_believed_to_be one of the best living composers. 　　

　　二、课堂重点深化

　　1．postpone vt.推迟，延期

　　　[自主体验]

　　单句语法填空

　　①The military training for the freshmen in the new term was postponed until/to the next Sunday because of the bad weather.

　　②The headmaster postponed holding (hold) the meeting until all teachers arrived at the meeting room.

　　　[系统归纳]

　　postpone doing sth.　　　　　　 延缓/推迟做某事

　　postpone sth.until/to ... 把某事推迟到......

　　　[重点强化]

　　易错处处防

　　③He decided to postpone to delivering the lecture, owing to his bad health. 去掉第二个to

　　佳句时时写

　　④(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)首先，你最好准时到达而不要推迟到达，因为在中国守时是礼貌的。

　　First_of_all,_you'd_better_arrive_on_time_instead_of_postponing_arriving_because_it_is_polite_to_be_punctual_in_China.

　　2．oppose vt.&vi.反对；反抗

　　　[自主体验]

　　单句语法填空

　　①All people present are opposed to working (work) extra hours on Sunday.

　　②We oppose using (use) this unusual technique to clone humans.

　　③She turned and walked off in the opposite (oppose) direction.

　　一句多译

　　我反对修改这个方案，因为它是可行的。

　　④I oppose_correcting_the_plan for it is practicable.(oppose)

　　⑤I am_opposed_to_correcting_the_plan for it is practicable.(opposed)

⑥I object_to_correcting_the_plan for it is practicable.(object)